Human Factors Projects at CHOP

Keywords: Healthcare Innovation, Human Factors Engineering, Patient Safety, Workflow Optimization, User-Centered Design, Medical Device Prototyping, Healthcare System Design, 3D Printing in Medicine, Visual Communication in Healthcare, SEIPS Model Analysis

Final Presentation: Projects Overview

Formula Bottle Measuring Meter

Keywords: 3D Prototyping, User-Centered Design, Waste Reduction, Medical Device Innovation

Project Proposal

Summary

This project addresses a critical issue discovered during user interviews with nurses, who highlighted challenges in measuring formula remaining in bottles due to unclear scale markings. Accurate measurement is vital for documenting patient intake, yet nurses are forced to transfer formula into one-time-use plastic bottles, leading to unnecessary time, financial, and environmental costs. 

To tackle this, a custom-designed "Formula Meter" was developed, prototyped, and 3D-printed to streamline the process. The solution simplifies measurement directly on the bottle, eliminating additional waste and improving workflow efficiency.

3D Printed Prototype

Key Learnings 

• Value of User Interviews: Engaging nurses revealed a hidden yet impactful problem. I learned the importance of understanding user needs in healthcare design. 

• Flexibility in Design: I learned the importance of taking detours in response to real-world insights, pivoting from initial plans to address critical issues. 

• Sustainability and Innovation: Simple design changes can significantly reduce environmental and financial waste. I learned how user-centered solutions can align with broader sustainability goals.

Formula Bottle Dispenser System

Keywords: User-Centered Design, Rapid Prototyping, Inventory Management, First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Formula Bottle Dispenser Prototypes

Summary

This project focuses on redesigning the formula bottle dispenser system in a NICU setting to improve inventory management and workflow efficiency. The current system involves multiple bins and bottles, creating confusion and inefficiencies in labeling, access, and restocking. Through empathy mapping and observational research, the project expands from dispenser design to a holistic reorganization of the storage and dispensing system. Proposed solutions include clearly labeled bins, a first-in, first-out restocking approach, and design innovations such as ramps for dispensing and loud, visible labels. The project also considers the dimensions and ergonomics of the system, ensuring it aligns with user needs.

Project Presentation to Center for Healthcare Quality & Analytics (CHQA) Management

MR Safety Demo's

Keywords: Healthcare Safety, 3D Prototyping, Simulation-Based Training

MR Safety Week Safety Demo's

Summary

This project focuses on enhancing MR safety awareness and training through innovative tools and demonstrations. The "Tess," a life-sized cardboard nurse, was redeveloped with attachable magnetic items for hands-on learning and removal, enhancing usability and now implemented hospital-wide during MR Safety Week training sessions. Additionally, 3D-printed magnetic objects and MRI machine models were developed to create visual illusions, demonstrating the risks associated with improper handling of magnetic items near MR machines. These initiatives emphasize the importance of caution and adherence to safety protocols, providing hands-on learning experiences for hospital staff and fostering a safer MRI environment.

Reading Room Coordinator Workflow Analysis

Keywords: Human Factors Analysis, Workflow Optimization, Multitasking and Task Switching, Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS), Behavioral Recommendations, Healthcare Systems Design

Note: This work has been accepted for presentation at the 2025 Annual Conference of the Society of Pediatric Radiology.

Summary

This study analyzes the workflow of Reading Room Coordinators (RRCs) in a radiology department, identifying barriers and proposing solutions to optimize efficiency and reduce stress. 

RRCs act as "air traffic controllers" for radiologists, handling a range of administrative tasks, from image distribution and call management to system navigation. Observations revealed inefficiencies caused by physical space limitations, redundant phone calls (80% irrelevant), and technical issues such as multi-platform logins and delays in image transfers. Recommendations focus on improving call filtering, optimizing workspace organization, and streamlining communication channels. These changes aim to minimize disruptions, enhance job satisfaction, and improve patient care.

Methodologies 

• Observations: Conducted over two sessions to assess workflow, interruptions, and communication. Barriers categorized using the SEIPS framework (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety). 

• Data Collection: Evaluated time spent on tasks, frequency of phone interruptions, and technical issues. Analyzed task-switching costs and their impact on workflow. 

• Analysis Framework: Classified barriers and facilitators under categories: Environment, Tools and Technology, People, and Tasks.

Project Presentation to Radiology Management

NICU Job Aid Redesign

Keywords: Visual Communication in Healthcare, Workflow Improvement, Information Flowchart Redesign, Tools Usability and Clarity, Human Factors Design

Summary

This project involves the redesign of a job aid used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to guide proper endotracheal tube (ETT) placement. The redesign improves the clarity and usability of the aid through enhanced illustrations, restructured information flowcharts, and integration of high-risk criteria. Changes aim to address critical challenges in communication, alignment, and risk identification during ETT placement. The redesigned job aid is structured to better align with user needs and clinical workflows, promoting safer and more efficient care in the NICU.

Project Presentation to NICU Management

CHAMP Lab; I'm the Tall Guy in the Middle